Nhận biết (M1)

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

• • In a 2004 study, researchers Jorge E. López and C. Vaughan wanted to explore the effects of ingestion by bats on the germination of Piper sancti-felicis seeds in Costa Rica.

• • The team of researchers tested 125 Piper sancti-felicis seeds that had been ingested by chestnut short-tailed bats.

• • Of these, 82 seeds (66%) germinated.

• • As a control, J.E. López and C. Vaughan tested 125 Piper sancti-felicis seeds that had not been ingested by chestnut short-tailed bats.

• • Of these, 88 seeds (70%) germinated.

The student wants to describe the study’s research methodology. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

• A.

  J.E. López and C. Vaughan wanted to explore the effects of chestnut short-tailed bats’ ingestion on Piper sancti-felicis seed germination.

• B.

  In the study, a lower percentage of Piper sancti-felicis seeds ingested by bats germinated than those that had not been ingested by bats.

• C.

  The team of researchers tested the germination of 125 Piper sancti-felicis seeds that had been ingested by chestnut short-tailed bats and 125 Piper sancti-felicis seeds that had not been ingested.

• D.

  Research by J.E. López and C. Vaughan revealed that 82 of 125—that is, 66%—of the Piper sancti-felicis seeds that had been ingested by the bats germinated.