Nhận biết (M1)

In Suriname, use of solid fuel (e.g., coal, wood) as a share of total household fuel use fell by about 75 percent between 2000 and 2019; such shifts are typically explained by appeal to the energy ladder, a model holding that fuel choice is mediated mainly by household income (specifically, high-technology fuels displace solid fuels as incomes rise). Alemu Mekonnen and Gunnar Köhlin's study of fuel use in Ethiopia shows how reductive this model is, however: although income of course constrained fuel choice, several factors, including the age of the household head, influenced decisions.

Based on the text, the author would most likely agree with which statement about the change observed in Suriname?

• A.

  Household incomes in Suriname rose from 2000 to 2019, which made high-technology fuels relatively more affordable.

• B.

  Beginning in 2000, high-technology fuels became more readily available in Suriname, enabling households of various income levels to shift away from solid fuels.

• C.

  The decline in solid fuel use in Suriname between 2000 and 2019 was not solely the result of changes in household income.

• D.

  Solid fuel use declined in Suriname between 2000 and 2019 because changes in household income in that period made solid fuels more expensive relative to income.