Nhận biết (M1)

In an extensive review of existing literature, Léna de Framond and team cataloged the prevalence of broken-wing display—a defensive behavior observed in Charadrius semipalmatus (semipalmated plover) and many other species—throughout the Aves class. Documentation of the display in 285 species across 52 families suggests the behavior likely evolved independently multiple times, prompting the team to consider ecological and life-history characteristics with hypothesized associations to the behavior’s emergence, including traits related to reproduction investment and future reproduction potential.

Which choice most effectively uses data from the table to complete the conclusion?

• A.

  incubation duration and capacity for multiple broods are more strongly associated with the use of broken-wing display than the number of parental incubators is.

• B.

  among species with more than one parental incubator, the use of broken-wing display is associated with greater incubation duration.

• C.

  capacity for multiple broods, number of parental incubators, and incubation duration are equally associated with the use of broken-wing display.

• D.

  broken-wing display is most often observed in species with less opportunity to reproduce in a year due to longer incubation periods.